Testosterone (tes-TOS-ter-one) Testosterone is a sex hormone derived from yams and may be given to patients who no longer produce a sufficient amount on their own. It may be used to reduce the symptoms of hypogonadism (erectile dysfunction, infertility, decrease in beard and body hair growth, decrease in muscle mass, development of breast tissue, or loss of bone mass). It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Testosterone is an anabolic steroid and a controlled substance.